Có khoảng 30 loài được ghi nhận trong chi này:[1]

• Hoplostethus abramovi Kotlyar, 1986
• Hoplostethus atlanticus (Collett, 1889) - orange roughy
• Hoplostethus cadenati Quéro, 1974 - black slimehead
• Hoplostethus confinis Kotlyar, 1980
• Hoplostethus crassispinus Kotlyar, 1980
• Hoplostethus druzhinini Kotlyar, 1986
• Hoplostethus fedorovi (Kotlyar, 1986)
• Hoplostethus fragilis (F. de Buen, 1959) - Chilean roughy
• Hoplostethus gigas (McCulloch, 1914) - giant sawbelly
• Hoplostethus grandperrini C. D. Roberts & M. F. Gomon, 2012[2] - Grandperrin's giant sawbelly
• Hoplostethus intermedius (Hector, 1875) - blacktip sawbelly
• Hoplostethus japonicus (Hilgendorf, 1879) - Western Pacific roughy
• Hoplostethus latus (McCulloch, 1914) - palefin sawbelly
• Hoplostethus marisrubri (Kotlyar, 1986) - Red Sea roughy
• Hoplostethus mediterraneus (Cuvier, 1829) - Mediterranean slimehead, silver roughy
• Hoplostethus melanopeza (C. D. Roberts & M. F. Gomon, 2012)[2] - New Zealand giant sawbelly
• Hoplostethus melanopterus (Fowler, 1938) - blackfin roughy
• Hoplostethus melanopus (M. C. W. Weber, 1913) - smallscale slimehead
• Hoplostethus mento (Garman, 1899) - slimy head
• Hoplostethus metallicus (Fowler, 1938) - metallic roughy
• Hoplostethus mikhailini (Kotlyar, 1986)
• Hoplostethus occidentalis (Woods, 1973) - western roughy
• Hoplostethus pacificus (Garman, 1899) - Eastern Pacific roughy
• Hoplostethus ravurictus (M. F. Gomon, 2008)[3]
• Hoplostethus rifti (Kotlyar, 1986)
• Hoplostethus robustispinus (J. A. Moore & Dodd, 2010)[4] - thickspine roughy
• Hoplostethus rubellopterus (Kotlyar, 1980)
• Hoplostethus shubnikovi (Kotlyar, 1980) - Metavay sawbelly
• Hoplostethus tenebricus (Kotlyar, 1980)
• Hoplostethus vniro (Kotlyar, 1995)